COMING TO GRIPS WITH ENGLISH –
PART 10
COMMONLY MISUSED AND CONFUSED WORDS
English
seems to have so many words that sound alike and more words that are frequently
confused than any other language.
Many words are easily confused.
Some words sound the same but are spelled differently and have different
meanings. Other words are confusing
because they sound almost the same.
Users of transcript judge the quality of the transcript and the
professional competence of the court reporting officers by the presence or
absence of these language conflicts in the transcript.
It is extremely important that when we type these words in the context of
court proceedings we get them right the first time, every time.
So, read the examples below and thoroughly familiarize yourself with the
meaning of the different words.
Commonly Misused Words
Adapt -
When visiting a foreign country, you must
adapt yourself to the customs
practised there.
Adopt -
The Grays plan to adopt
several hard-to-place children.
Accept
- Consent to
receive something – I gladly accept the beautiful and thoughtful present.
Except-
Not including; other than.
All the players were awarded medals except those found to have taken performance
enhancing drugs.
Excerpt-
Short extract from a piece of music or writing – I tender as an exhibit
an excerpt of that large document on financial procedures.
Accede-
Assent or agree to – We have negotiated our respective positions and I
accede to the terms and conditions suggested by the other side in order to
settle this matter.
Exceed-
Be greater in number or size – The police said they had to fine the
driver of the car because he continued to exceed the speed limit in that area.
Concur-
Agree – The submissions made by counsel for the first plaintiff
truthfully and clearly represent the views of my client, the second plaintiff
and therefore I concur with them.
Conquer-
Overcome and take control of by military force – The army general
instructed his troops that they were on the battle field to conquer the enemy.
Concede-
Reluctantly agree. I do not
want to help the other side in their case, but in light of the compelling and
convincing facts they have presented I have to concede they are right.
Consider-
Give thought to; deliberate
upon. The Judge said, “I will
consider the evidence, weigh it up for and against, and will then give my
decision on verdict.”
Advice
-
Guidance or recommendations offered with regard to future action – Thank
you for giving me that wise advice.
It saved me from making a really bad mistake.
Advise
-
Recommend a (course of action) –Inform about a fact or situation.
I am happy to advise you on the decision you should make in these
circumstances; those words would be
my advice to you.
Affect
-
Means to influence – I seek by my words and actions to affect the way you
behave.
Effect
(n)- Means result or outcome –
As your mother I want my advice to
result in an effect on your behaviour which will be obvious to all by the way
you change your habits.
Effect
(v)- Means to bring about;
accomplish – The manager urged his staff to effect the desired outcome so that
the organisation would be known as a successful one whose staff were focused on
achievement and were results oriented instead of ad hoc and uncoordinated in
their approach to their work.
Cause
of action- The injuries suffered by the
lady who had been pack raped were the basis of her cause of action against the
offenders.
Course
of action-
The lady victim of the pack rape adopted the course of action of
instituting a cause of action in the court in order to get justice.
Deposed
to
- The deponent of the
affidavit deposed to certain facts which then became evidence before the
Magistrate.
Formally-
The Judge formally, officially, discharged the accused on the basis there
was not sufficient evidence to convict him.
Formerly-
The Judge gave the accused an increased sentence because he had
previously, that is formerly, been before the court on a similar charge of
break, enter and stealing.
Principal-
The Principal of the High School laid down the code of behaviour to the
students.
Principle-
The lady of principle said she believes very strongly in the moral
principle that people should not steal from one another.
Thwart-
Frustrate. The lawyers for
the defendants did all in their power including seeking multiple adjournments,
introducing irrelevant material and generally delaying the proceedings to thwart
the expeditious hearing of the plaintiff’s case.
Tort-
An injury resulting in a claim for damages.
The tortious act of spraying acid in the boy’s eyes resulting in him
being blind was a tort that required compensation for the damages caused to him.
Taut-
Tight. The tug boat moved
slowly until the rope between it and the trawler was taut and then applied
maximum power to pull the trawler off the sand bank.
Taught
- The
students were taught well by the very committed and conscientious teacher.
Thought-
The Judge thought there was more to the circumstances of the case and
therefore gave the young man the benefit of the doubt.
Mucking around
not marking around – The boys were skylarking, playing, mucking around when the
accident happened.
Open
ended contract – no such thing as open handed contract -
The contract had strict stipulations and conditions which prevented it
from being open ended.
On
the one hand ……. on the other hand – As we consider the options available there
are those positive ones on the one hand while there are these others on the
other hand. We need to balance them
and consider them and come to an informed decision of which is the correct and
just decision to make.
Dispose of not
dispose off - If we can make those
orders, your Honour, that will dispose of this matter.
License
holder (n)
-
meaning holder of a licence – This company owns this hotel and is the
license holder of the liquor licence.
Licence
-
permit that is issued: ie, driver’s licence – The driver’s licence was
cancelled because of his dangerous driving.
No
such phrase as “have being” – You are being kind when you give money to the
poor. You have been kind in the
past when you gave money to the poor.